BRAF, KRAS, NRAS

What are BRAF, KRAS and NRAS?
BRAF, KRAS and NRAS are genes that play a key role in controlling cell growth and division. Mutations in these genes can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and the development of cancer.

These tests are mainly used for:

• Colorectal cancer
• Melanoma
• Lung cancer
• Some other types of tumors

BRAF

• The most common mutation: V600E
• Associated with melanoma and colorectal cancer
• Patients with BRAF mutations may be treated with specific targeted therapies

KRAS

• One of the most common mutations found in cancer
• Very important in colorectal cancer
• The presence of a KRAS mutation usually indicates that certain targeted therapies (anti-EGFR) will not be effective
   

NRAS

• Similar to KRAS, but less common
• Important in melanoma and some other tumors
• Helps determine the treatment strategy

Why are these tests important?

• Help select the most effective treatment
• Determine whether the patient may benefit from targeted therapies
• Avoid ineffective treatments
• Improve disease management